Một số vấn đề về chăm sóc sức khỏe và giáo dục cho trẻ em dân tộc thiểu số từ 2 đến 5 tuổi

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Tác giả: Thu Nguyệt Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 608.9 Inventions and patents

Thông tin xuất bản: Thông tin Khoa học xã hội, 2017

Mô tả vật lý: 48-54

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 546069

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In the development process, the socio-economic development targets of ethnic minority groups in Vietnam tend to lag far behind those of the majority group, with huge differences in multi-dimensional poverty rates of children between these two groups. Most children of ethnic minorities face more difficulties in accessing basic social services such as health care and education compared to children in the majority group. The rate of malnourished children in this area is nearly twice higher than the national rate. Although the universalization of preschool for 5-year-old children of ethnic minority groups has made a general progress, there are still forms and national standards. The issue of health care as well as education for children from 2 to 4 years old is "oblivion" due to lack of schools, lack of teachers and lack of policies and intervention models. The paper focuses on analyzing some issues in health care and education for children aged 2 to 5 years in some ethnic minority groups in Vietnam, thereby offering some solutions to contribute to raising awareness in health care and education for ethnic minority children.Trong quá trình phát triển, các chỉ tiêu phát triển kinh tế - xã hội của nhóm dân tộc thiểu số ở Việt Nam có xu thế tụt hậu khá xa so với nhóm đa số, có sự khác biệt rất lớn về tỷ lệ nghèo đa chiều của trẻ em giữa hai nhóm này. Hầu hết trẻ em nhóm dân tộc thiểu số đều gặp trở ngại hơn trong việc tiếp cận với các dịch vụ xã hội cơ bản như chăm sóc sức khỏe và giáo dục so với trẻ em nhóm đa số. Tỷ lệ trẻ suy dinh dưỡng khu vực này cao gần gấp đôi so với tỷ lệ chung của cả nước. Việc phổ cập mầm non cho trẻ 5 tuổi của nhóm dân tộc thiểu số tuy đã có bước tiến chung nhưng vẫn còn hình thức, chưa đạt chuẩn quốc gia. Vấn đề chăm sóc sức khỏe cũng như giáo dục cho trẻ em từ 2 đến 4 tuổi còn bị "bỏ ngỏ" do thiếu trường lớp, thiếu giáo viên và thiếu các chính sách cũng như mô hình can thiệp. Bài viết tập trung phân tích một số vấn đề trong việc chăm sóc sức khỏe và giáo dục cho trẻ em từ 2 đến 5 tuổi ở một số nhóm dân tộc thiểu số ở nước ta, từ đó đưa ra một số giải pháp nhằm góp phần nâng cao nhận thức trong việc chăm sóc sức khỏe và giáo dục cho trẻ em dân tộc thiểu số.

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