In the world, the concept of university autonomy reflects the new transformation of the relationship between the state and the university in the spirit of promoting the tradition of academic freedom of the university and reducing the direct intervention of public agencies to the university administration in organization, finance, and personnel. In Vietnam, the university is closely associated with self-responsibility, piloted by more than 20 universities in 6 areas: organization and human resources, finance - property, training, science and technology, international cooperation and quality assurance. Although there are still many difficulties, the initial positive results proving that the policy of autonomy is correct.