The authors used cross-sectional method combines quantitative and qualitative research. 400 Tay ethnic mothers in Luc Yen, Thai people in Nghia Lo, H'Mong and Dao in Mu Kang Chai in Van Yen, Yen Bai province and obtained the following results: The rate of home births: 53.5 percent, the highest of which is the Mong people - Mu Khang Chai (98.9 percent). Percentage of home births with health worker: 23 percent
the midwives: 32.8 percent, others support: 44.3 percent. Pregnant examination was full: 31.1 percent, tetanus vaccination: 79 percent newborns are breastfed: 80.4 percent have right feeding. 67.9 percent weaning right. 67.9 percent children fully vaccinated. 96.9 percent malnutrition in children 5 years of age is 30.2 percent highest in Mong (35,3 percent). Proportion of couples applying contraception: 68.5 percent, the highest is the Dao, in which 58.1 percent use oral contraceptives, 20.9 percent use drugs, 4,6 percent use condom. Average manying age is 19.5, with the first child is 20.7 years old. Early birth rate: 60.4 percent) highest in Dao (82.1 percent), multiple birth rate: 42.2 percent highest in Mongolia (64.5 percent). Some traditions affect chidren and mother health care and such as: birth at home by midwives and family support. Sitting to lay, lay next to the kitchen door (Mong). After laying dont eating fish, vegetables and less nubitious food (Tay, Thai) ... When pregnant, still heavy working (H'Mong, Dao). In marriage, there was still old aJstom as the brother married with his aunt's child (Mong). After delivery both mother and Infants are bathed with drug water Immedlately (Dao). The authors recommend: Advance communication and better organization of health care programs for mothers and children, best in malnubion prevention program help ethnic minorities to abandon the outdated habits are not good for maternal and children health care.