Objective: Assess near results and relative factors of retroperitoneal laparoscopic for treatment stone upper 1/3 ureter stones. Patients and methods: A prospective study was performed on 70 patients with upper ureteral stone, treated by retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy for upper ureter stones at No.103 Hospital between June 2008 and June 2011. Results: The mean age was 44.5 + or - 12.8 years (range 18 - 79) and the male to female ratio was 5:2. The mean longitudinal size of those stones was 15.62 mm (range 9 - 27). 100 percent patients had hydronephrosis but none had four degree hydronephrosis. 71.43 percent renal function was good and 28.57 percent bad. Total 7 of 70 cases were converted to open surgery. The mean operative duration was 82.8 min. Complications in surgery was 22.7 percent. The mean postoperative hospital stay were respectively 6.8 days. The overall mean duration of drainage was 3 days. The postoperative complications were urinary fistula, fever, hematuria and trocar site infection made up 16 percent. Conclusion: Retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy had good results and safety. It can replace open surgery, helps decrease postoperative hospital stay and complications.