Understanding the knowledge and children care of mother are important for child-care officials to produce policies to help mothers to take care of their babies. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge and practice of child care and child nutrition of the mothers of 330 children in Tien Lu district, Hung Yen province. The age of the children ranged from 12 - 24 month old. The authors also examined the nutritional status of these children. Results: Within the 1st hour of birth, the number of mothers who possessed good knowledge and practice on giving early breastfeeding were 83.0 percent and 57.6 percent, respectively. There was 19.0 percent of mothers had taken off colostrums before breastfeeding their children. The proportion of mothers who had good knowledge on breastfeeding of their child up to 6 months was 80.8 percent
whereas, only 12.2 percent of mothers had good practice of exclusive breastfeeding during this time frame. The percentages of children being given food supplements before and after 6 months old were 80.0 percent and 19.4 percent, respectively. During the 3 months of age, 21.2 percent and 25.8 percent children suffered from diarrhea and respiratory infections, respectively. The prevalent rate of child malnutrition in children under 5 years old was 7.6 percent by WAZ, 29.4 percent percent by HAZ and 3 percent by WHZ. In conclusion, the knowledge and practice of the mothers on child care in Tien Lu District of Hung Yen province was high. However, their knowledge of chid nutrition was poor as children stunting rate was rather high in this group of children.