Charles Darwin with the Origin of Species in middle 19th century and Gregor Mendel with experiments in pea plants had succesfully created a base for using organism model in study on biological processing and regulation. From 20th century, animal models has been gotten more important for research on human biology. Among of the animal models, mouse model is most widely used in study on human genetics and diseases. However, we have to spend quite a lost of money and time when using mouse model. In 1900s, Thomas Hunt Morgan had used Drosophila melanogaster as model in his experiments. The Drosophila model showing many good points for screening disease- related genes with low cost and time comsuming, provides us a good tool to modeling human disease related gene network. Thus, it is useful model organisms for understanding many molecular and cellular mechanisms of human disease. Many aspects of human disease, and of defences against disease, are also found in flies. These include cancer, ageing, neurodegeneration, infectious disease, innate immunity, cardiovascular disease, metabolism disease, diabete etc. Although Drosophila model has been widely used in the world, it's quite new in Vietnam so far. From 2008, the authors has introduced a new branch of research and gotten several good results in research with the Drosophila model. Based on it, here we review either on principle of establishing transgenic flies or use of fly model in study human diseases. This review aims to bring such a useful research model more close to Vietnamese scientists and introduces basically techniques for setting up research on the benefit model in Vietnam.