Rational use of soil resources is one of measures for agricultural sustainable development. In recent years, the unplanned and unreasonable development of long-term industrial trees and annual crops has lead to red basalt soil fertility decline and physical and chemical deterioration in Daknong province. The research results shown that the nutrient content of red basalt soil under different land utilization types has been declined sharply. The decline level of organic matter content of topsoil (0 - 20cm) in annual crop land is 64.5 percent, pine plantation land is 55.2 percent, pepper cultivation land is 53.6 percent and coffee cultivation land is 27.8 percent in comparison with natural forest land. Value of cation exchange capacity (CEC), the concentration of total substances and easily digestible nutrients under land utilization types have also significantly reduced as compared to natural forest land.