Ben Tre seafood industry comprising commercial fishing, aquafarming and seafood processing is considered as a key industry that has performed a breakthrough in economic growth in Ben Tre in recent years. Realities show that seafood processing business impacts on both socioeconomic development and the environment. This requires local authorities to build a strategy for a sustainable development of the seafood industry in the coming years when climate change and pollution pose increasingly serious problems. To help achieve this target, the paper identifies challenges to the sustainable development of Ben tre seafood industry regarding its input. production techniques, and market for its output, thereby suggesting further researches on improvements in theoretical framework, and policy implications that support a sustainable development of this industry.