This article analyzes Thanh Hoa's population scale and growth in the period of 1989-2011 in comparison with the whole country, Northern Central Area and Coastal Southern Central Area. This result indicates: l/ Thanh Hoa population ranks the third of the largest scales in the country with varied scale and urban/rural, sex, administrative gap. 2/ The birth, death rate and normal growth have changed actively following the gradual decreasing and stable trend. 3/ Thanh Hoa population growth is affected by the decrease of normal rate and minus pure migration rate, in which the migration issue has much influence on the scale, structure of population, economic structural transfer, resource exploitation and other social issues such as health, culture, education, works...