Social policies in the market economy of Vietnam have been frequently updated, improved and developed together with the economic growth. This has made significant contribution to social justice, economic growth and sustainable development. However, the shortcomings related to the growth model, the policies' systemization, consistency and comprehensiveness, the beneficiaries' need and the need for institutional reform have been exposed recently. This paper assesses the facts of social policy implementation during the years of Doi Moi and provides recommendations for continuing the renovation of social policies in Vietnam.