The RAME research project started its first activities in Vietnam at the end of 2005. The aim of the BMBF (German Federal Ministry of Education and Research) funded research and development project is to develop methods to reduce the environmental impacts due to hardcoal mining in Quang Ninh province, Vietnam by selected technical measures and enhancement of the environmental management. Based on a preliminary survey, dump stabilization and recultivation, mine water treatment, dust mitigation and post-mining landuse were identified as main research fields which are implemented in several subprojects. This publication highlights the RAME research results on mine water treatment.