It is impossible to draw the general picture of the development of rice industry in Vietnam from the colonial times to the present in this short article. In fact, the author seeks to briefly outline the activities given on statistics, events and facts about land area, farm equipment, farming techniques, yield and production of rice-crop prolonging from the colonial period, collectivization and to Doi moi Period. It is to help identifying the movement path (or progression) and the great achievements of present-day Vietnamese agriculture. By doing so, the author highlights a number of measures to further develop agriculture, to create a solid base for promoting the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country.