Memory is defined as the process of encoding, storing and retrieving information. Three processes involve with different memory system. Sensory memory, short-term memory in which to note the concept of working memory and long-term memory. Learning and memory are two closely related concepts. Memory is acquisition of knowledge or skill while learning is experience of what was acquired. Anatomical basis of analysis and molecular mechanism of learning and memory is one of the greatest successes of modern neuroscience. Thirty years ago little was known about how memory works, but now the authors know a great deal. In this report the authors will mention four main content related to learning and memory. First of all, the authors refer to a classification of memory in view of modern neuroscience. Next up we'll refer to areas of the brain associated with learning and memory. Memory is stored in the brain are similar to stored on chip memory of personal computer or not? entire archive from memory into the same region of the brain structure or distribution and stored in different brain regions? How does memory work? The changes would take place in the nervous system in the process of memory formation? Is there any special proteins or genes related to memory or not? How to memory can maintain throughout life? will be presented in the next section. Finally, a critical issue, especially as the age: How can memory be maintained and improved, how can it be fixed when it is brokened?