Background: Unilateral vocal paralysis causes glottis patency and speech disorder, such as aphony, hoarseness, speech exhaustion. There are many treatment styles of vocal paralysis, from speech therapy to surgical intervention in order to recover speech. Autogenous fat injection into vocal fold was performed in the world'since 1991. In Vietnam, Nhan Dan Gia Dinh hospital applied this surgery from 2006 up to now. Objectives: To evaluate effectiveness of autogenous fat and elastic tissue injection into vocal fold via endoscopy in treatment of unilateral vocal paralysis. Method: 150 patients of unilateral vocal paralysis with glottis patency. A clinical trial is performed from 2006 to 2013 , at ENT Department, Nhan Dan Gia Dinh hospital. Autogenous fat and elastic tissue which are harvested from abdominal fat are injected into paralytic vocal fold via endoscopy. Result- discussion: Autogenous fat and elastic tissue were injected into 112 left and 38 right vocal folds. Postoperative follow-up was performed at 1, 3, 6, 12 months and 5-6 years. Success rate of speech recovery which was assessed by objective, subjective, timing criteria was 95.3 - 100 percent. Conclusion: Autogenous fat and elastic tissue injection into vocal fold via endoscopy is a physiologic, safe, low costed, highly effective, long stabilized method.