Fungi are pathogens that affect humans, animals, food and plants. Many strains are resistant to currently available antifungals, which are also associated with high toxicity and can cause environmental pollution. Treatments are lengthy with low adherence rates. Given plant´s historical use in disease treatment, natural products, such as essential oils,have been studied and developed for fungal infection treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review on Origanum species commercialized in Brazil: Origanum compactum, O. minutiflorum, O. syriacum, and O. vulgare, focusing on the chemical composition of their oils and their antifungal activity. A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, using the databases ScienceDirect, Scielo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. O. vulgare presented the highest number of articles, and O. compactum showed the best results in terms of MIC and against the evaluated fungal species. Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., and Penicillium spp. were the most studied fungi. Carvacrol, thymol, p-cymene, o-cymene, and γ-terpinene are key constituents linked to their antifungal effects. The findings of this review highlight the chemical diversity of the studied genera and underscore the potential of Origanum spp.essential oils as antifungal agents against a variety of fungi.