AIMS: Atrial fibrillation (AF) may exacerbate exercise intolerance and haemodynamic limitations in individuals with heart failure (HF). Therefore, we performed a systematic search and meta-analysis to quantify the impact of AF on exercise tolerance (peak oxygen uptake, VO METHODS AND RESULTS: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for articles from inception to June 2024. Studies were included if they: (i) examined participants with HF
(ii) compared participants with AF to those not in AF (i.e. sinus rhythm)
(iii) measured VO CONCLUSION: In patients with HF, AF is associated with greater VO