Balance impairment after a stroke is a common impediment to activities of daily living and can lead to falls. Balance ability is particularly associated with social participation
therefore, targeted rehabilitation to prevent falls is crucial. We have previously developed a dual-belt treadmill task for repetitive multidirectional stepping based on open-skill training, which demonstrated significant efficacy in balance training for older adults. However, the effect on stroke survivors, who are more likely to move in a manner that compensates for their non-paretic limbs, remains unclear. This report presents the specific application of the dual-belt treadmill task in a chronic stroke survivor who experienced falls outdoors. The participant was a woman in her 60s with left hemiplegia, two years post-stroke, who walked independently. She attended a day rehabilitation program twice a week, receiving 40-minute sessions of exercise therapy. However, after experiencing two falls, a dual-belt treadmill intervention was introduced. This report examines the changes in physical function and fall-related outcomes over two three-month periods before and after the introduction of the dual-belt treadmill, using an AB design. Following the dual-belt treadmill intervention, a reduction in the number of falls was observed, along with increased muscle strength in the affected limb. The dual-belt treadmill intervention may be effective in reducing falls in chronic stroke patients.