A 62-year-old woman with a history of papillary thyroid carcinoma presented to our hospital with fever and cough and was diagnosed with stage IV non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). One year after chemoimmunotherapy, a re-biopsy of the left pleural tumour lesion was performed. Histological analysis revealed papillary thyroid carcinoma. Another biopsy was performed on the primary tumour, and the histological analysis of the primary tumour lesion confirmed NSCLC. BRAF V600E mutations were detected in both left pleural metastatic lesions of papillary thyroid carcinoma and the primary tumour of NSCLC. Dabrafenib and trametinib reduced both tumour lesions. Here, we report a rare case of concomitant BRAF V600E-mutated NSCLC and pleural metastasis from papillary thyroid carcinoma.