The paper identifies single nucleoside analogs of mitochondrial genome HV1 and HV2 in Kinh and Muong ethnic groups in Vietnam. The results showed that the prevalence of multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene HVC16223T was 44%
G16129A is 39%, T16189C is 32%. The prevalence of single nucleoside analogs on HV2 gene: A73G and A263G is 100%, 315insC is 97%, 309insC is 50%. The first step is to classify the mitochondrial DNA haploid groups of 50 samples of the Kinh ethnic group and 50 samples of the Muong ethnic group. 22 haplo-groups were identified, of which the highest frequency group was F1a group with 16%, group with the lowest frequency was group D4, D4a, F1b, F2a, N9a and Z were all 1%.