Studying on serum lipid disorder of 150 chronic renal failure patients treating with maintenance hemodialysis, whose have average age is 43.18 + or - 14.8, average hemodialysis during time is 49.48 + or - 36.16 months. The results show that disorder rate of at least one content of serum lipid is 56.67 percent, in which rate of hypercholesterolemia is 27.33 percent, hypertriglyceridemia is 28.67 percent, high serum LDL-C concentration is 20.67 percent, and low serum HDL-C concentration is 39.33 percent. Rate of one component disorder of serum lipid is 56.67 percent, two components is 21.33 percent, three components is 10.0 percent, and four components is 4.67 percent.