The paper depicts an overview of the literary translation of modem and contemporary Chinese literature in Vietnam in the past 30 years since Doi Moi (1986-2016). Amongst the various literary phenomena that were translated and introduced in Vietnam during this period, the major focuses have been "new-literature" and "new-period literature" (1920s and 1930s, and literary creation from the last 20 years of the twentieth century). The research shows that Vietnamese translators often consider "literary position" when selecting Chinese writers or literary work for translation, i. e. the literary position of the writer or his/her literary creation in modem and contemporary Chinese literature as the primary selection criterion. While "literary history position" is regarded as the primary selection factor by academic translators, non-academic translators are often under considerable influence by the media and general audience, and therefore contemplating "mass culture position" or general public reception when selecting Chinese literary work for translation. To date, due to limited research on contemporary Chinese literature in Vietnam, there is little to no influence by academic research towards educating or directing the general audience's understanding of Chinese literature. As a result, literary translations selected based on "literary history position" have not led to far-reaching reception and impact on social/cultural lives. Currently, the author are witnessing the dominance of the concept "mass culture position" rather than "literary history position" in the translation and reception of modem and contemporary Chinese literature in Vietnam.