The practice of criminal procedure in Vietnam has exposed to a number of critical issues of which foremost issues are the access to justice, improper and unjust judgments in criminal cases. The guarantee for an effective resolution of these problems, firstly, is from consideration of purpose, nature and characteristics of criminal procedure as well as the completeness and comprehension of provisions of law, in which criminal procedure serves as the central point. With its full spirits and language, the 2013 Constitution shows that the question of guaranteeing human rights in criminal procedure can be seen as the pillar of criminal procedural activities. Thus, the elements of "equity" and "transparency" become the common symbol of a judicial system and reflect its nature. Accordingly, equity is understood on two levels. At the first level, this is a requirement of the fairness of the proceedings, of the initiation of procedural activities. At the second level, this is the requirement for an equal treatment, a legal position and the possibility to enjoy equality of legal opportunity between the parties in the proceedings.