After introducing the overall of the payment mechanism and the labor safety of the Government in general and of Vinacomin in particular, the paper refers to the initial results of the theme "Study on the establishment of the payment mechanism and the economic measures for engaging the workers' responsibility with the labor safety" carried out by Institute of Mining Science and Technology (VIMSAT). For improving the payment mechanism, increasing the safety management, preventing the dangerous hazards, the paper also provides some economic solutions, engaging the workers' responsibility and the economic equities with the safety works of the enterprises.