Reuslts of retroperitoneoscopy pyelolithotomy for treating pelvis stones. Purpose: To assess the efficaty of retroperitoneoscopy pyelolithotomy for treating stones in the renal pelvis. Materials: From March 2005 to july 2011, 120 patients underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy for treatment of renal pevis stones.the mean age is 49.2 years (range 25-72), 60 percent male and 40 percent female, the mean stone size is 27.3 mm x 15,1 mm. 69 pevis stones in the right side (57.5 percent), 51 in the left side (42.5 percent). Results: retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy was successfulin 111 patients (92.5 percent), 9 patients were conversed to open (7.5 percent), the mean duration of the procedure is 70.6 min (45-120 min), the mean retroperitoneal drain removal at 3.2 day post-op (2-10 days), the mean post-op hospital stay was 4.1 days (3-12 days). 6 cases (5 percent) of urinary leakage, 9 cases (7.5 percent) of urinary infection, and 10 cases (8.3 percent) of residual renal stones. Conclusion: retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy is safe, effective alternative for treament of renal pevis stones not amenable to ESWL.