All 11 agro-ecological regions (Lao Cai, Son La, Bac Kan, Hanoi, Bac Ninh, Nghe An, Hue, Quang Nam, Lam Dong, Ho Chi Minh city, Dong Thap) in Vietnam present rice fields infected by Mg
and several provinces presented severe infection levels. There are 34 isolates were susceptibility on rice varieties: Xi 23, Khang dan 18, Jasmin 85, Xe Ba Giang, Black stick rice, SEC, OM 4218, AC5, Tap Giao, White stick rice, Nhi uu 838, Pie var, Chinese, Kim Cuong after 2-4 weeks of transplanting. Morphometric descriptions reveal an important variability for the body size but a more conserved stylet length. Host range tests confirm identification of plant susceptibility and resistance to Meloidogyne graminicola Golden and Birchfield infection. This is in agreement with previous published results for this RKN nematode. The authors amplified ITS region from single juveniles to perform a phylogenetic analysis and to evaluate diversity of Meloidogyne graminicola in Vietnam. The identification and characterization of these isolates is an essential step before addressing the host-nematode interaction and more importantly, before proposing an appropriate management option.