The flora of Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu nature reserve, Ba Ria - Vung Tau province diverse in species composition, life fonu and especially conservation value. The result of reserch shown that. there are 743 species belong to 423 genera and 122 families has been recorded. The flora with some dominant families such as Fabaceae, Cyperaceae, Rubiaceae, Annonaceae, Poaceae, Moraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Asteraceae, Orchidaceae and Dipterocarpaceae. The research has found 10 new records for flora of Binh Chau - Phuoc Buu. The existence of a variety of life-fonus reflects the typically tropical characteristics of the flora at the Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu nature reserve. Phanerophytes are the most dominant life-fonus with about 71.87 percent of total plant species in the area. A total of 43 plant species are threatened at national and international level. There are 26 species are listed in Vietnam Data Red Book (2007), 27 species listed in the IUCN Red list (2009) and 10 species in Decree 32/2006 of Vietnamese government.