The Government of Vietnam has implemented comprehensive policies for the purpose of poverty reduction in recent years. Besides remarkable achievements, there are several concerns about effectiveness and quality of public investment policies for poverty reduction. Based on assessing the current situation, this article points out clearly 7 problems faced with in the process of policy implementation in Ha Giang province, such as need assessment and poverty reduction planning, the coordination among other projects/programs, investment decentralization, monitoring and evaluation and mobilizing the rural beneficiaries' participation in the policy implementing process. The article concludes by proposing policy recommendations for improving the effectiveness of public investment in Ha Giang province in particular and contributing for the efforts of rapid and sustainable poverty reduction of the nation.