Translation has long been an important feature of cultural and literary exchange among nations. Literature from abroad which is translated contributes to the development of a nation's literature. In Vietnam, the impact of translated literature on domestic literature is undeniable and, especially after the Russian Revolution of 1917, the effect of Russian literature on Vietnamese literature intensified. Russian writer M. Sholokhov is an author who had a great influence on the spiritual life and the fighting ability of the Vietnamese people for nearly a century. The years between 1954 and 1975 were the golden age of Sholokhov in Vietnam, especially in northern Vietnam. In less than 10 years, 10 short stories and 3 novels of Sholokhov went into 25th printings in 19 translations.