Objectives of the research was to compare quality of life and Quality adjusted life years (QALYs) of patients of both dialysis modes. Total of patients with end-stage renal failure participating in the research was 595, of which, 235 were treated by peritoneal dialysis and 360 were treated by haemodialysis. The SF 12 Physical Composite and SF 12 Mental Composite was 35.59 + or - 1.04 and 43.69 + or - 1.09 in the group of peritoneal dialysis patients, significantly higher than 31.86 + or - 0.72 and 40.01 + or - 0.90 in the group of haemodialysis patients (p 0.001). In conclusion, research results provide evidence of the advantages of peritoneal dialysis in comparison to haemodialysis for treatment of end-stage renal failure.