The study was carried out to analyse the characteristics and to determine surgical strategy for cholesteatoma in children. The results showed that, from Jan 2007 to Dec 2008, there were 42 children under 16 years old with cholesteatoma undergoing surgery in ENT national hospital. The mean age was 9,3 years, and two third of the patients were boys. Congenital cholesteatome was 9,5 percent, bilateral cholest~atome . was 5 percent, and more than one third patients suffering from contralateral ear disease. There were 62 percent cases treated with closed technique, and the rest with open technique. During the second stage operation, residual cholessteatoma. was found in 6 of 16 ears (37,5 percent). Two of recurrent cars had performed open technique and two cases had undergone planned staged tympanoplasty. Conclusion: in the future, early diagnois and closed technique used for pediatric cholesteatoma when possible is neceserry. The open procedure is chosen for patients with recurrent or more extensive disease.