Xuan Dieu is one of the poets who successfully used the ways of rhetorical comparison. In addition to inheriting comparative structures from traditional poetry, he developed his own ones with great creativity. His development was reflected in such aspects as characteristics of morphological structure, semantic relationship between elements of comparative structures and semantic characteristics of the subjects called standard elements for comparison. In comparison with folk verses, Xuan Dieu's comparative structures had a tendency to be getting more and more complicated. The semantic relationship between A and B involved both succession and development. Especially, the reverse of the standard factor compared brought his poetry a new viewpoint on the world and human beings.