Rabies has been recognised as a serious public health problem in Vietnam in recent years, approximately 100 human rabies were reported per year. To evaluate and make the effective, appropriate activities for rabies control and prevention program, it is necessary to perform virus surveillance. This study was aimed to determine the characteristic of N protein of rabies virus circulated in the northern part of Vietnam, 2010- 2011. Nucleotide (nt) sequence of partial N gen (nt 15 - 619) of rabies viruses were directly sequenced from 05 intra vitam samples and 02 isolated strains. The data were cleaned and phylogenetic tree was constructed by bio-edit, Laser gene and Mega - 4 softwares. The results showed that a mutation at T72S from Threonin (PV strain) to Serine appeared in some rabies viruses isolated from human and animals. Rabies virus isolated in northern part of Vietnam 2010-2011 were only found in the group 1, one of two virus groups circulated in Vietnam in the period of 2006-2009. Some rabies viruses circulating in Northern provinces, 2008- 2011 and rabies virus isolated in China, 2007 were clustered. This is evidence of invasive contamination of rabies virus between Vietnam - China borders. Therefore, the effective interventional activities to control animals in and out of the bordering areas should be developed and enforced.