Selecting seed of cobia is the first concern in reproductive technology and producing commercial cobia. Studying genetic diversity and structure of cobia population is important to improve growth rate and selecting generation cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Using microsatellite marker in studying population structure, defining definning variation and genetic differences among populations of cobia were carried out. were studied and published. In this study, 8 microsatellite loci were used to analyse genetic diversity of three cobia populations of Vietnam, China and Taiwan. 54 alieles were identified. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value of each locus ranged nom 0.662 + or - 0.146 to 0.692 + or - 0.087. Observed and expected heterozygosities (y) at loci in these populations were differents, and all three population Hardy-Weinberg ratios. The level of genetic diversity in populations is not high through inbreeding coefficient (Fis = 0.247 and 0.075), that suggests had inbreeding mating in these populations. There were. warning heterozygote deficiency in populations of cobia Vietnam expressed Fis = 0.247. The moderate genetic diversity among, cobia populations was (ranged nom 0.07266 to 0.09368) and two populations of Vietnam, China were less differents compared with Taiwan cobia population.