A total of 3007 interviews were carried out in 30 communes, including 15 communes in malaria endemic areas (MEA) and 15 communes in malaria-back risk areas (MBRA). The results were as follows: The people who have knowledge about the causes of malaria accounted for86.2 percent. Gender knowledge in MEA was poorer than that in MBRA (It was 68.7 percent - 92.3 percent in MEA and 87.2 percent - 96.9 percent in MBRA). In the culture aspect, 95.9 percent of literate people in MEA and 97.8 percent in MBRA had right understandings of malaria causes. In the ethnic aspect, Thai, Kinh, La Ha, Muong, Mong in MEA had right understandings about malaria causes with 85.6 percent, 75 percent, 73.9 percent, 63.7 percent, 62.3 percent respectively. In MBRA, this rate was Thai 91.1 percent, Muong 99.5 percent, Kinh 91.7 percent. In the career aspect, 93.2 percent of students, 78.8 percent of farmers and 96 percent of other occupations in MEA had full knowledge about the causes of malaria. In MBRA, this rate was 96. 6 percent of students, 91. 9 percent of farmers and 95 percent of other occupations. The older people were, the poorer their knowledge was. Two important messages about malaria and preventive measures were interpreted more correctly in literate groups than in illiterate groups. There was 99.4 percent 99.5 percent of people who knew that malaria can be prevented by sleeping in bednets. The symptoms of malaria could be named here including fever (92.6 percent), headache (86.5 percent), cold (51.7 percent), and these numbers of people living in MEA were smaller than those in MBRA. About 95.3 percent of the sick people came to have examination and treatment at state health facilities. 96.3 percent of people' knew that antimalarial drugs had been provided for free by the State. 99 percent of the households had bednets. 97.3 percent of people said that malaria could be cured and prevented. At the time of the cross-sectional survey carried, no malaria patients were found.