Medical school graduates are the human resources of future physicians for each country. The decision of student about which specialty to follow after graduation are the key to achieve a balance distribution of physicians among all specialties in the health care system. Research was to describe the preferences in choosing specialty of last year medical students in Hanoi Medical University and to determine the factors affecting medical students' choice of the specialty. The most common field choice were clinic (80 percent). Among those prefer clinic field, the most common choices were Surgery (17.5 percent), General Internal Medicine (16.7 percent), Pediatrics (12.5 percent), Cardiology (5.8 percent), Obstetrics/Gynecology (5.8 percent)
there was significant difference (p value 0.05) between factors of gender, academic performance, cost and professional values and choose specialties of medical students. In conclusions, students preferred to choose specialties such as Surgery, General Internal Medicine, Obstetrics/Gynecology, Pediatrics, Cardiology. The factors of gender, academic performance, cost and professional values was important factors in career decision-making among medical students.