Background: HCC became the most common cancer with the highest rate of cancer related mortality in Vietnam. Around 70 to 90 percent of this HCC having HBsAg positive. This study aims at investigating some clinical and laboratory characteristics of HBV related HCC patients living in southern Vietnam. Patients and methods: This is a prospective and non interventional study. Patients were recruited at HCMC University Medical center from 2010 to 2011 with inclusion criteria was confirmed HCC with HBsAg positivity.Laboratory tests consist of biochemistry,hematologic, liver function tests and virologic tests (qHBsAg, HBeAg, viral 10ad,HBV genotyping, double BCP mutation). Results and discussion. A total of 130 patients were recruited. Men/women ratio = 9/1. The rate of AST, ALT, GGT higher than ULN are 65,2 percent
65,2 percent and 91,3 percent respectively. Child Pugh class A=88,6 percent and class B = 11,4 percent. The AFP levels: 24,8 percent below 20ng/ml and 30,4 percent above 400ng/ml.The HBV load 10 exponent 4 cps/ml presents in 60 percent of patients. And 40 percent of patients with viral load 10 exponent 4 cps/ml having qHBsAg 1000iu/ml. The rate of HBeAg positive, HBV genotype B+C / C as well as double BCP mutation in the HBV related HCC patients were statistically higher than those of the historical chronic hepatitis B without HCC in control group. Conclusion. In this study the men/women ratio was very high. The PPV as well as NPV values of AFP in the diagnosis of HCC were low. The majority of HBV in HB V related HCC patients was still in active state and all studied criteria of HCC risk factors such as HbeAg positivity, HBV genotype C, double BCP mutation were statistically higher than the control CHB group.