Objective: the author aimed to determine some risk factors which were independently associated with stroke recurrence after acute ischemic stroke. Method: This was a prospective observational cohort study. Cox proportional hazards models were used to detect some risk factors for stroke recurrence after acute ischemic stroke. Results: 405 patients with acute ischemic stroke were included in the study from 2010 to 2012. Some factors which were independently associated with increased risk of stroke recurrence were: low education "6 years) (HR = 2.04
P = 0.006), previous strokelTlA (HR = 1.67
P = 0.025), atrial fibrillation (HR = 2.74
P = 0.000), carotid stenosis or = 70 percent (HR = 2.82
P = 0.013) and low HDL-C (1.04 mmol/L) (HR 1.76
P or = 70 percent and low HDL-C were independently associated with increased risk of stroke recurrence. However, anti platelet therapy and statins therapy were independently associated with decreased risk of stroke recurrence.