A study on morphology and anatomical structure of superficial and deep palmar arterial archs was performed on 38 adult Vietnamese hands in which of 18 formalin-fixed hand and 18 frozen specimens, the result is as follows: Variations are found more often in superficial. Diameter of deep palmar arch is highly variable and inversely proportional with superficial palmar arch. A complete superficial palmar arch was found in 73,7 percent of the cases and divided into 4 types (A, B, D and E, no type C is found) as per division method by Coleman 5.5. The remaining 26,3 percent possessed an incomplete palmar arch and divided into 4 types that the authors just found 3 types (A, B and D). Two rare variations of superficial palmar arch those are poor developed superficial palmar arch and the involment of middle artery is also reported. A complete deep palmar arch was found in 97 percent and present of all 4 types of the cases, only 3 percent is for incomplete deep palmar arch. the authors have found rare variation of deep palmar arch also, that is the case of high developed deep palmar arch.