Background: With about 70 percent of body iron is in hemoglobin so iron metabolim will be affected in aplastic anemia due to reduced erythropoiesis in bone marrow. Purpose: Study characteristics of red cells and serum iron metabolism in aplastic anemia patients. Patients and methods: From August 2008 to August 2009, authors performed study on 26 cases of aplastic anemia. Results: Authors found that number of reticulocytes in aplastic anemia as 12,2 + or - 4,5 (G/l) much lower than control group beside that ratio of IRF is abour 5 times higher, (p0,05). Average of serum iron was 29,8 + or - 10,3 (umol/l) in aplast anemia patients and was 14,9 + or - 2,3 (umol/l) in control group, p0,05. Average level of serum ~ransferrin and TIBC were 165,2 + or - 32,1 (mg/dL) and 48,9 + or - 13,3 umol/L in aplastic anemia, which were over than control with 198,5 + or - 46,0 mg/dL and 61,1 + or - 5,0 umol/L, respectively. Average of TfS in aplastic anemia group was 72,3 + or - 23,8 ( percent) while TfR was 1,5 + or - 0,8 mg/l, which was lower in control group with 2,9 + or - 0,8 mg/I, p 0,05. Serum ferritin was among 350 - 2000ng/ml it was much higher than control group. Conclusion: Red cell indicators: normocytic anemia, low reticulocyte count, light increase of immature reticulocytes (IRF). Serum iron metabolism markers: increase serum iron concentration, high or very high serum ferritin according to disease duration
low transferrin, TIBC, UIBC, TfR.