Purpose: to improve training ability of Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology. Subjects: doctors who participate in training activity of VNIO, document, textbook, educational material and infrastructure. Methods: specialist analysis, explanation study. To evaluate training ability through investigations of human resource, material, equipment and educational document. To assess educational competence through trial of new program and textbook on a course of basic ophthalmologist. Results: Upgrade material and equipment makes good premise for training. Students gain better condition to practice. Doctors who specialized in teaching helps other doctors improve teaching method to better serve research activities. The new Ophthalmology textbook is the reference source for ophthalmologist all over the country. This is a basic document which can be used to create education program for student and ophthalomologist in every Vietnam ophthalmology departments. A course of basic ophthalmologist at high standard is a good premise for continuing to improve the training quality. Condusion: With the project to improve training ability, the authors made a positive changes in ophthalmologist training.