DREB proteins is not directly involved in the process of drought-resistance, but it is a factor activation and the expression of genes related to drought tolerance ability, among them have genes involved in root elongation of soybean. In this study, GmDREB5 genes isolated from seven Vietnamese local soybean cultivars. with size 924 bp, encoding 307 amino acids, containing the AP2 region and the DNA binding site, compared with the sequence of the Chinese soybean. code EF583447. Eight soybean cultivars is distributed in two groups, Group I including of four poor drought-resistant cultivars (LBG, HE598783, HE647690. FR822737) and group II including of four of drought tolerant (XLS, HE648568 HE648567, EF583447). The genetic distance based analyse of nucleotide be 3.7 percent and based on amino acid is a 6.1 percent. The differences in the nucleotide sequences and the amino acid sequences of GmDREB5 genes of soybean cultivars between group with high drought tolerance and low drought tolerant group concerned with how the transcriptional activity of genes related to elongation roots need further research.