Nineteen local taro (Colocasia esculenta) and one Colocasia gigantea strains collected from different parts of the North and North Central region were evaluated for genetic diversity using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RADP) primers. Twenty eight primers amplified PCR DNA products and fourteen primers shown the polymorphisms with an average per cent polymorphism is 86.96, were used to analyze RADPs and distinguish between accessions. Thirteen primers out of these showed high polymorphic information. Percent polymorphism varied from 73 to 100 among these polymorphic primers. RAPDs showed high genetic diversity in these accessions. UPGMA cluster analysis of genetic similarity estimates separated the accessions in two main groups at similarity coefficient of 0.54. All 19 accessions of C. esculenta divided into four subgroups (I, II, III, and IV). The results of clustering taro based on the RADP markers is seem too similar to the morphologically cultivar grouping. On other hand, RADPS were able to distinguish among taro accessions. The high genetic polymorphism and many amplified DNA bands specific to eco-geographical regions founded in the Midland and Northern mountainous areas may be a scientific basic for in-situ conservation of taro germplasms in Vietnam. The results showed also that the genetic improvement of local taro trains should be based on molecular variations as well as morphological differences.