BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Outcome-based education (OBE) focuses on clearly defined learner goals, offering a structured framework to achieve competency. This study explores the perspectives of trainees and trainers in Obstetrics and Gynaecology (O&G) in Ireland regarding facilitators, barriers, and challenges to implementing OBE. METHODS: A national cross-sectional survey was distributed to O&G trainees and trainers in Ireland. Responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests, and qualitative thematic analysis. RESULTS: A total of 151 trainees and trainers participated in the study. While 61.2% of respondents reported familiarity with the concept of OBE, only 22.4% accurately identified its primary focus on learner goals. Participants highlighted several key benefits of OBE, including the establishment of clearly defined goals and the development of competency in essential skills. However, significant challenges were also identified, such as the perception of unattainable goals for trainees and insufficient training facilities. Additionally, trainer engagement and the lack of allocated time for both trainers and trainees to attend training courses were recognized as major barriers to the successful implementation of OBE. CONCLUSION: OBE presents a promising educational framework for O&G training, with the potential to modernize and enhance learning outcomes. However, its successful implementation hinges on comprehensive education about its principles and benefits, substantial investment in educational facilities and resources, and the prioritization of training through dedicated and protected time for both trainees and trainers.