How does carbon to nitrogen ratio and carrier type affect moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR): Performance evaluation and the fate of antibiotic resistance genes.

• Tác giả: Mohan P Achary, Gangadhar Andaluri, Kasra Pourrostami Niavol, Rominder P S Suri
• Ngôn ngữ: eng
• Thông tin xuất bản: England : Journal of environmental management , 2025
• Bộ sưu tập: NCBI
• ID: 643555

Tóm tắt

With the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment, monitoring and controlling ARGs have become an emerging issue of concern in biological processes. Moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR) have been gaining attention for application in wastewater treatment. Since the performance of MBBR depends on operational parameters and biocarriers, selection of suitable biocarriers and start-up conditions are vital for efficiency of MBBRs. This study investigates the effects of different carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratios and carrier types on the fate of selected ARGs and microbial communities in four MBBR systems using two conventional (K3 and sponge biocarrier (SB)) and two modified carriers (Fe-Ca@SB and Ze-AC@SB). Results showed that the modified biocarriers achieved higher NH