The widespread utilization of synthetic chemicals contaminates the land and water environments. The present investigation determined the effects of sub-lethal concentrations of lufenuron in the male Japanese quail. The birds exposed to lufenuron showed the clinical signs of behavioral, digestive, nervous and reproductive upsets. The drug significantly (p<
0.05) decreased the feed intake, body weight, absolute and relative weights of visceral organs (kidneys, liver, brain, heart, testes), RBCs count, HCT, Hg concentration, serum proteins and anti-oxidants enzymes (SOD, CAT, LPO, GSH) while concentrations of hepatic, cardiac and renal biomarkers were significantly (p<
0.05) increased in the birds treated with higher doses (15mg/kg and 20mg/kg) of lufenuron, in a time and dose dependent manner. Comet assay revealed significantly (p<
0.05) increased frequency of DNA damage in the isolated cells of liver, kidneys and intestine along with a significant (p<
0.05) increased frequency of micronucleus in the erythrocytes. The visceral organs showed prominent histo-pathological ailments in the birds exposed to higher doses of lufenuron. Our study is the first comprehensive report that demonstrates the significant physio-biochemical health effects of lufenuron on complete clinico-hematological parameters of free ranging fauna (quail) of the natural ecosystem, even at sub-lethal environment relevant concentrations.