Determining the percentage of carrying Staphylococcus aureus in the nasal cavity twice on admission and after surgery of 252 hospitalized patients in the No.108 Central Military Hospital during the period of 6 months (from January to June 2011) showed that the proportions of patients carrying S. aureus on admission and after surgery were 13.1 percent and 18.4 percent respectively (p 0.05), in which the percentage of MRSA on admission and after surgery was 15.2 percent and 37.8 percent, respectively (p0.05). The level of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus on admission was lower than that after surgery (p 0.05). All the S. aureus isolates in the study were still susceptible to vancomycin. Distribution MIC of vancomycin of MRSA strains on admission was in the range of 0.75 - 1ug/mL (100 percent of strains with MIC or or = 88.3 percent 1ug/mL. Especially, there was a strain with MIC = 3ug/mL