This article focuses mainly on the author's opinions of the preservation and development of values of the traditional festivals in Vietnam in the context of the current socio-economic development as well as in domestic and international integration. According to the author, the current urgent matters concerning the festivals in our country have a close relation with the four following conceptual issues: community, state, invention and restoration, and superstition. From the ethnological and cultural perspectives, the author analyzes such the issues in turn, and then clarifies the matters relating to activities and organization of the festivals and safeguarding of the cultural heritage emerged in the renovation period in Vietnam.