The human placenta is the composite of multiple cell types, each which contributes uniquely to placental function. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) are regulators of gene expression and can be cell-specific. The sncRNA transcriptome of individual placental cell types has not yet been investigated due to difficulties in their procurement and isolation. Using a custom sequencing method, we explored the expression of seven sncRNA species (miRNA, piRNA, rRNA, scaRNA, snRNA, snoRNA, tRNA) from whole chorionic villi and four major sample-matched FACS-sorted cell type (cytotrophoblast, stromal, endothelial, Hofbauer) samples from 9 first trimester and 17 term placentas. After normalization for technical variables, samples clustered primarily by cell type lineage. No sncRNAs were uniquely expressed by cell type, however, mean expression differed by cell type for 115 sncRNAs. Known placentally-expressed sncRNAs showed differing expression by cell type and trimester. Expression of few sncRNAs varied by sex. Lastly, sample-matched sncRNA expression and DNA methylation correlation was not significant, although high correlation (>
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