Combined tumor-associated microbiome and immune gene expression profiling predict response to neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer.

• Tác giả: Camilla Basso, Ferdinando Bonfiglio, Cecilia Caprera, Dimitrios Christoforidis, Agnese Cianfarani, Sara De Dosso, Julija Djordjevic, Samantha Epistolio, Federica Facciotti, Alessandra Franzetti-Pellanda, Milo Frattini, Jacopo Galafassi, Giandomenica Iezzi, Pietro Edoardo Majno-Hurst, Federica Melle, Francesco Mongelli, Sotirios G Popeskou, Raffaello Roesel, Elisa Sorrenti, Paolo Spina, Francesco Strati, Martina Villa
• Ngôn ngữ: eng
• Thông tin xuất bản: United States : Oncoimmunology , 2025
• Bộ sưu tập: NCBI
• ID: 676950

Tóm tắt

Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is treated with neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgery. A minority of patients show complete response (CR) to nCRT and may avoid surgery and its functional consequences. Instead, most patients show non-complete response (non-CR) and may benefit from additional treatments to increase CR rates. Reliable predictive markers are lacking. Aim of this study was to identify novel signatures predicting nCRT responsiveness. We performed a combined analysis of tumor-associated microbiome and immune gene expression profiling of diagnostic biopsies from 70 patients undergoing nCRT followed by rectal resection, including 16 with CR and 54 with non-CR. Findings were validated by an independent cohort of 49 patients, including 7 with CR and 42 with non-CR. Intratumoral microbiota significantly differed between CR and non-CR groups at genus and species level. Colonization by bacterial species of