Ostrinia furnacalis (O. furnacalis) is a commonly occurring agricultural pest that can severely impact corn yield and quality. Therefore, establishing and implementing effective control methods against O. furnacalis are of great significance. Chemical insecticides remain the most effective means to mitigate the damage caused by O. furnacalis. With the increasing resistance of O. furnacalis to insecticides, it is imperative to identify and develop compounds with novel mechanisms of action and high safety. The chitinase OfChi-h, identified and characterized in O. furnacalis, has been recognized as a potential insecticide target. In this study, a series of azo-aminopyrimidine analogues were synthesized as OfChi-h inhibitors employing rational molecular optimization. Among them, compounds 9b, 10a and 10g exhibited K